Navigating the Core Challenges of Atropine Therapy in Myopia: A Mechanistic and Clinical Analysis of Dose, Response, and Durability

Myopia has emerged as a major global public health concern. Atropine, recognized as one of the foremost interventions for myopia control, has been validated for its efficacy and safety through a multitude of clinical studies. This article examines the most recent advancements in understanding atropine's mechanisms of action, optimizing dosage, customizing treatment plans, and assessing its long-term effectiveness in managing myopia. While atropine has shown impressive clinical results, there are still significant knowledge gaps surrounding its mechanisms of action, the personalization of treatments, rebound effects following cessation, and ocular side effects. Future investigations should prioritize clarifying the mechanisms of atropine, developing pertinent biomarkers for guiding individualized therapies, and investigating integrated control strategies that combine atropine with other treatments to enhance long-lasting therapeutic benefits. As a crucial medication for the prevention and management of myopia, atropine holds significant promise for a holistic approach to myopia treatment, offering new insights and directions to tackle this public health challenge.