Development and Experimental Analysis of an Electromagnetically Controlled Friction Pendulum Isolation Bearing Control System Based on STM32

The traditional friction pendulum bearing (FPB) has some problems in practical applications, such as the fixed response to external excitation, lack of adaptability, and insufficient dynamic performance adjustment. To address these issues, this paper proposes an electromagnetically controlled FPB (ECFPB) by integrating a semiactive control system with an STM32 microcontroller as the core. The structure layout and energy‐dissipation principle of ECFPB are elaborated. The theoretical formulas for the natural vibration period, equivalent stiffness, and horizontal restoring force of ECFPB are derived. A calculation model of ECFPB is established. A semiactive electromagnetic control system based on an STM32 microcontroller is developed, and a dual‐mode linear tracking control theory is designed to analyze the nonlinear relationship of the error rate in real time. The current matching with the corresponding current is dynamically output to adjust the magnetic force of the rectangular electromagnetic iron, thereby significantly enhancing the comprehensive performance of the ECFPB isolation bearing. The full‐scale prototype of ECFPB is processed, and the hysteresis performance tests under multiple working conditions are carried out. The regulation laws of the mechanical properties of the STM32 control system on the ECFPB are studied and analyzed. Comparative tests with traditional FPBs under power‐off conditions are also conducted to systematically reveal the performance differences between ECFPB and traditional FPB. The test results show that when the amplitude of horizontal displacement and the vertical axial compressive load are constant, the equivalent stiffness and energy‐dissipation characteristics of ECFPB are significantly positively correlated with the electromagnetic control coefficient k e , verifying the active regulation effect of electromagnetic force on ECFPB.