Supplementary Figures S1-S17 from Negative Selection Maintains Grossly Altered but Broadly Stable Karyotypes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

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Authors: William C. H. Cross, Salpie Nowinski, George D. Cresswell, Maximilian Mossner, Abhirup Banerjee, Bingxin Lu, Marc J. Williams, Georgios Vlachogiannis, Laura J. Gay, Ann‐Marie Baker, Christopher Kimberley, Frederick J.H. Whiting
+42 more Hayley L. Belnoue-Davis, Pierre Martinez, Maria Traki, Viola Walther, Kane Smith, Javier Fernández-Mateos, Erika Yara Romero, Erica Aparecida de Oliveira, Salvatore Milite, Giulio Caravagna, Chela T. James, George Elia, Alison Berner, Chang-Ho Ryan Choi, Pradeep Ramagiri, Ritika Chauhan, Nik Matthews, Jamie Murphy, Anthony Antoniou, Susan K. Clark, Miriam Mitchison, Jo-Anne Chin Aleong, Enric Domingo, Inmaculada Spiteri, Stuart A.C. McDonald, Darryl K. Shibata, Miangela M. Laclé, Lai Mun Wang, Morgan Moorghen, Ian P.M. Tomlinson, Marco R. Novelli, Marnix Jansen, Alan Watson, Nicola Valeri, Nicholas A. Wright, John A. Bridgewater, Manuel Rodriguez‐Justo, Chris P. Barnes, Hemant Mahendrakumar Kocher, Simon J. Leedham, Andrea Sottoriva, Trevor A. Graham
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Abstract

Supplementary Figures 1-17 and Figure Legends Supplementary Figure 1: CNA subclonality decreases with progression within early colorectal cancers. Supplementary Figure 2: CNA subclonality assessed by different metrics. Supplementary Figure 3: Divergence decreases with progression within early colorectal. Supplementary Figure 4: Derivation of a simple genome doubling classifier. Supplementary Figure 5: Divergence is highest in subclonal and lowest in clonal genome doubled cases. Supplementary Figure 6: In situ analysis using FISH and DNAscope shows copy number instability at the single-cell level. Supplementary Figure 7: Simulations demonstrate stabilising selection suppresses karyotypic diversity when tumours are close to fitness peak. Supplementary Figure 8: The non-identifiability of the mutation rate (μ) and the strength of stabilising selection. Supplementary Figure 9: Cross-cohort study shows CNA subclonality, CNA burden and genome doubling change with progression. Supplementary Figure 10: Multi-site longitudinal karyotype phylogenetic assessment of individual CRC patients during tumour progression and drug treatment. Supplementary Figure 11: Multi-site longitudinal karyotype assessment of individual CRC patients during tumour progression and drug treatment (patients LM001 – LM0029). Supplementary Figure 12: Multi-site longitudinal karyotype assessment of individual CRC patients during tumour progression and drug treatment (patients LM0032 – LM0089). Supplementary Figure 13: Multi-site longitudinal karyotype assessment of individual CRC patients during tumour progression and drug treatment (patients LM0095 – LM0139). Supplementary Figure 14: Number of phylogenetic copy number events and proportion of the aberrant genome subclonal correlate in carcinomas. Supplementary Figure 15: Patterns of aneuploidy evolution during metastatic spread and treatment. Supplementary Figure 16: Recurrent CNAs are similar between the primary and metastatic lesions. Supplementary Figure 17: Early colorectal cancer and primary tumour samples from metastatic patients show similar CNA recurrence and number of segments, but not PGA.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics Genetic factors in colorectal cancer Evolution and Genetic Dynamics

Publication details

Publication date
6 February 2026