Figure 1 from Negative Selection Maintains Grossly Altered but Broadly Stable Karyotypes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Aneuploidy increases through colorectal cancer progression, and clonal diversity decreases. A, Heatmap showing CNAs in adenomas (orange, top), early cancers (green, middle), and established cancers (blue, bottom). Thin black lines delineate cases, and within black lines are multiple regions of each case. GD status is shown on the left of the heatmap. Red = gain and blue = loss. B, PGA by adenomas, early cancers, and later-stage cancers. PGA increases through progression. C, The proportion of CNAs that are subclonal decreases through progression from adenomas to carcinomas. D, Phase space of PGA versus proportion of subclonal CNAs that are subclonal. Adenomas (orange) have low PGA but high CNA subclonality, whereas colorectal cancers (blue) have high PGA but low CNA subclonality. Early cancers (green) are more disparate in PGA and CNA subclonality. E, The proportion of CNAs that are subclonal is not significantly associated with overall survival in colorectal cancers (Kaplan–Meier analysis, groups split on the median proportion of subclonal CNAs across the cohort). F, Percentage of GD by tumor stage. GD is very rare in adenomas and more common in later stage cancers in which it is usually found to be clonal. G, The proportion of CNAs that are subclonal by tumor stage and GD status. Clonal GD is associated with a lower proportion of subclonal CNAs. ca-in-ad, cancer in adenoma.