Successful Treatment of Refractory Erythroderma with Abrocitinib: A Case Report

Introduction: Erythroderma represents a severe dermatological condition often challenging to treat, especially in cases unresponsive to standard therapies. Currently, evidence for the use of abrocitinib in this setting is limited, leaving a gap in available treatment options. Case Presentation: We report the case of an adult patient with refractory erythroderma who failed to respond to conventional treatments, including glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. To manage the acute flare, abrocitinib was initiated alongside a tapering course of glucocorticoids. Over the treatment course, the patient demonstrated significant clinical improvement, including reduction in erythema, associated symptoms, and hair regrowth. Importantly, the glucocorticoids were successfully discontinued, and no recurrence or serious adverse events were observed during a 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: This case indicates that abrocitinib may be a promising therapeutic option for patients with erythroderma resistant to existing treatments. Further research with larger patient cohorts is necessary to establish its efficacy and safety in this context.