Application of the model reference adaptive system method in sensorless control for elevator drive systems using 3-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motors

Improving sensorless control performance in elevator drive systems using three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) has become increasingly popular to reduce costs and enhance system stability. The primary operation of the elevator involves motor mode when the cabin moves upward and shifts to generator mode or braking mode under the influence of gravity when moving downward. This presents significant challenges for sensorless control. To address these issues, the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) based on the mathematical d-q axis model of the PMSM is proposed to estimate rotor speed and position. Combined with field-oriented control (FOC), this method optimizes performance and precisely controls motor torque without requiring physical sensors. Additionally, a low-pass filter is employed to process input signals, such as voltage and current, to improve estimation accuracy and optimize speed response. Simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate highly accurate speed responses, particularly under continuous load variations.