Sleep, Awake, or Combined Sleep/Awake Bruxism Against Temporomandibular Joint and/or Temporal Pain, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep Quality: The Brigada Militar Study

OBJECTIVES: To assess the association of sleep (SB), awake (AB), and combined SB/AB bruxism with temporomandibular joint and/or temporal pain, emotional dysregulation, depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample (n=240) were police officers (Brigada Militar) in active duty (35% women, 69% less than 45 years old). The Temporomandibular Pain Screener short-version (Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders - DC/TMD); the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS); the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used for data collection. RESULTS: The combined AB/SB showed more than twice the prevalence of AB and SB separately (45.6% versus 7.2% and 19.0%, respectively). Significantly moderate to strong positive associations (odds ratio - OR) were found in combined AB/SB for TMJ and/or temporal pain (14.33, p