Effect of Time-Varying Glycemic Control on Long-Term Dental Implant Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Abstract
PURPOSE: To quantify the association between time-varying HbA1c and long-term risks of implant failure and peri-implantitis, and to test for non-linear dose-response and thresholds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adults receiving endosseous implants (2015-2024) in a multi-provider practice network with ≥ 1 year potential follow-up were included. HbA1c was modeled as a time-updated exposure with a 30-day lag and 90-day carry-forward. Implant-level cause-specific Cox models with robust standard errors (patient clustering) and surgeon frailty estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs). HbA1c was modeled continuously (restricted cubic splines) and categorically (
Fields of Study & Subjects
Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
Publication details
- Journal / source
- The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
- Publisher
- Quintessence Publishing
- Volume
- 0
- Issue
- 0
- Pages
- 1–19
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN