Sustainable Development in Mathematics versus Mathematics in Sustainable Development

Abstract The climate crisis is one of the greatest challenges facing our global present and future. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, the loss of biodiversity, and growing social inequalities are all symptoms of profound ecological and social imbalances (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2022). The crises caused by climate change require immediate and sustainable action. In terms of school education, the integration of content and practices from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics ( STEM ) subjects are needed to address issues of climate change. This article discusses some implications of education for sustainable development through an integrated STEM curriculum, with a focus on the contribution of mathematics education. In particular, challenges and tensions that may arise from the nature of STEM content, but also from the context itself are discussed. By elaborating challenges and tensions, this article contributes to the theoretical foundation of the sensitive and professional integration of ESD into mathematics education.