Histopathologic Patterns of Endometrial Biopsies and Associated Factors in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Sidama Region, Ethiopia

Background: The endometrium is a dynamic, hormonally sensitive and responsive tissue. The endometrium is a site of a broad array of pathological alterations. Both benign and malignant lesions and hormonal cyclic changes can occur in the endometrium. These lesions have a significant impact in the life of woman. Objective: The aim of current study was to determine histopathologic patterns of Endometrial Biopsies and the associatied factors in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Method: A five years retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from reports of endometrial biopsies which were submitted to the pathology department of HUCSH from September 2019 G.C to August 2024 G.C. Result: A total of 204 endometrial biopsies were analysed in this study that fulfil the inclusion criteria. The youngest age was 20 years and oldest was 79 years with mean age of 44.1 years and standard deviation of 11.939. 187 (91.7%) samples was Manual vacuum aspirations and 17 (8.3%) was hysterectomy specimens. The commonest histopathologic finding was chronic endometritis 55 (27%), followed by endometrial polyp 38 (18.6%), secretory endometrium 30 (14.7%) and proliferative endometrium 23 (11.3%). The other important patterns include endometrial hyperplasia without atypia 18 (8.8%), Atypical endometrial hyperplasia 16 (7.8%), endometrial cancer 20 (9.8%) and Tuberculosis 4 (2%). From the endometrial cancer cases, the commonest is endometroid endometrial carcinoma 8 (9.8%), followed by serous endometrial carcinoma 4 (2%), MMMT 3 (1.5%), endometrial stromal sarcoma 3 (1.5%) and clear cell endometrial carcinoma 2 (1%). The histopathologic patterns was significantly associated with age groups (p=0.01) and parity (p=0.036). Conclusion: Chronic endometritis is the commonest histopathologic finding.