Psychiatric Risk Associated With Large Language Model Chatbots: An Emerging Concern
Abstract
Large language model chatbots such as ChatGPT have been adopted by millions of users, yet their psychiatric implications are poorly understood. Recent media reports describe 26 apparent instances of psychosis and two instances of depression and suicide in the context of heavy chatbot use, often marked by delusions seemingly reinforced by the model. Because chatbots simulate conversation but are statistical systems optimized for agreement, they may amplify distorted beliefs. Research is needed to determine whether these reports represent a genuine pattern of risk and to identify vulnerable populations. Clinicians should screen for chatbot use and discuss these systems with patients.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Digital Mental Health Interventions
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
AI in Service Interactions
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Psychiatric Services
- Publisher
- American Psychiatric Association Publishing
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 681–684
- Publication date
- 29 April 2026
- Language
- EN