Biomechanical Comparison Between Intact Labrum, Labral Tear, Labral Resection, Labral Repair, and Segmental Labral Reconstruction Using Fresh-Frozen Anterior Tibialis Allograft or Fresh Meniscal Allograft

Background: While labral repair is the preferred treatment for labral tears, reconstruction using allografts is an emerging option when repair is not viable. The biomechanical performance of different reconstructive graft options is not fully understood. Hypothesis: Segmental labral reconstructions using fresh meniscal allografts (MALs) or fresh-frozen anterior tibialis tendon allografts (TALs) would not be significantly different from native intact labrum with respect to contact areas, contact pressures, peak forces, and suction seal preservation. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Eight human cadaveric hips were tested using a biomechanical robotic system in intact, tear, repair, resection, and segmental reconstruction with TAL or MAL states. Specimens were examined in neutral, 20° of extension, and 60° of flexion. In each labral state, contact pressure, contact area, and peak force were recorded using pressure sensors. Suction seal distraction tests were performed in each labral state. Data were normalized to the intact labrum state. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to identify differences in biomechanical parameters. Significance was set a priori at a P value