People’s awareness, readiness and practice on safe and sustainable pharmaceutical waste management in Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
People are usually not aware of returning their unused or expired medicines or not ready to practice pharmaceutical waste management (PWM) safely. The present research aimed to explore Malaysians’ awareness, readiness and practice (ARP) on safe and sustainable PWM. The research was conducted from April 2023 to April 2024 among 318 randomly selected people having unused or expired medicines. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a semi-structured questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis was performed sequentially among ARP domains. Reliability of research instrument was checked with Cronbach’s alpha. Correlation among ARP scores was analysed with Pearson’s correlation, and generalized linear model was performed to analyse statistical relationships of outcome variables with various predictors. Data were analysed in SPSS 29.0 considering p -value
Fields of Study & Subjects
Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management
Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Municipal Solid Waste Management
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 734–746
- Publication date
- 5 February 2026
- Language
- EN