Injectable trimagnesium phosphate-filled magnesium potassium phosphate cement with improved handling properties, high early strength, and low heat release for bone defect repair
Abstract
Magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) has emerged as a promising biomaterial in preclinical studies for orthopedic applications, particularly in bone defect repair, due to its rapid setting properties and high mechanical strength. However, excessive MgO in MPCs accelerates the setting and heat release, which necessitates an increased liquid-to-powder ratio (LPR) that compromises strength, ultimately making it difficult to reconcile the performance metrics of processability, heat release, and mechanical strength. In this study, trimagnesium phosphate-magnesium phosphate cement (TM-MPC) was developed by replacing excess MgO with chemically stable trimagnesium phosphate (Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , TMP) at a low LPR (down to 0.20 mL/g, PLR = 5 g/mL). This strategy resulted in the formation of cement material system with suitable setting time (10-12 min), low curing temperature (
Fields of Study & Subjects
Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications
Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Journal of Biomaterials Applications
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 349–362
- Publication date
- 18 February 2026
- Language
- EN