Bioinspired box-beam mimicking a Typha leaf and fabricated from biopolymers using 3D printing

In the realm of materials science and structural engineering, integrating sustainable development principles is crucial. This integration has led to the exploration of ecodesign, life cycle analysis, bio-based materials, and bioinspired designs. Bio-inspiration, particularly from plant structures, offers promising avenues for developing efficient and sustainable materials. Indeed, nature has developed plant systems capable of responding to mechanical stresses, particularly bending. This study focuses on designing a bio-inspired box beam using 3D printing technology and bio-based materials. Inspired by the internal structure of Typha leaves, the box beam is optimized for bending load with shear and transverse compression (under the supports). The materials used include polylactic acid and flax-reinforced polylactic acid, both shaped using additive manufacturing. Mechanical, thermal, and structural characterizations, along with finite element analysis, were conducted to validate the bio-inspired design. The results suggest that bioinspired structures, when combined with advanced manufacturing techniques like 3D printing, can achieve optimized mechanical properties while adhering to sustainability principles. Finite element simulations have allowed for the determination of the properties of the boxes by varying the geometry of the structure. It is thus possible to adjust the mechanical properties of the architectural structure according to the needs of the application.