Human biodynamics and vibration transmission pathways in heavy vehicles: A bond graph perspective

Transportation industries are pivotal to the economic growth of any nation, serving as the backbone of development. However, commercial vehicle drivers face prolonged exposure to whole-body vibrations, which significantly affect their physical and mental well-being. Ride comfort evaluation has been a prominent area of research, yet many studies have overlooked the critical role of seat dynamics and human biodynamics. To address these gaps, this study employs a bond graph-based approach to analyze the ride comfort of heavy vehicles while accounting for chassis flexibility and human biodynamic responses. An integrated human-vehicle bond graph model has been developed to comprehensively evaluate ride comfort and its physiological effects on drivers. The findings are analyzed in accordance with ISO-2631 standards to assess the health implications of vibration exposure. This work provides an innovative perspective on the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and human body, offering insights for the design of safer and more comfortable transportation systems.