Budget Impact of Advanced Insulin Delivery Systems for the Management of Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects around 3 million people across Europe. Despite insulin therapy, T1D can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), microvascular and macrovascular complications, hypoglycemia, and increased mortality, placing a substantial financial burden on European health care systems. Advances in automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have shown promise in improving glycemic control. This study evaluated the affordability of AID systems compared with standard of care (multiple daily insulin [MDI] injections with intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring [isCGM]) by examining the budgetary impact of improved glycemic control and reduced complication rates across nine European countries. METHODS: The model estimated the impact of T1D complications on health care costs over a 5-year time horizon, using a hypothetical cohort of 100 individuals with T1D. Two distinct populations were considered based on baseline glycemic control: those with HbA1c ≥8% and those with HbA1c