School nurses’ experiences of supporting children and young people and their caregivers around sleep: a focus group study

Background: Globally, many children and young people (CYP) obtain insufficient good quality sleep. School nurses (SNs) are ideally-placed to support sleep health, but few studies have explored their practical experiences. Aims: To explore SNs’ experiences, perceived barriers and priorities (including training and resource requirements) in providing sleep-related support to CYP and their caregivers. Method: A convenience sample of eighteen SNs from the United Kingdom took part in two in-person focus groups ( n = 8; n = 8) and one online focus group ( n = 2) in June 2024. Qualitative data were inductively reflexively thematically analysed. Results: Seven themes were identified. Nurses reported that Sleep issues present as secondary concerns ; and identified Perceived causes of delayed bedtimes and insufficient sleep . They faced barriers to practice including Challenges engaging families with sleep-supportive changes; Systemic barriers to successful delivery of sleep services and Challenges in identifying appropriate resources . To overcome such challenges, they emphasised School nurse training requirements ; and The need for a trusted directory of resources . Conclusions: SNs in England regularly support families around sleep health but face significant challenges. To support their practice, policy changes recognising sleep as a public health priority and increased investment in staffing, training, and resources are needed.