Adolescents’ lived experiences of facility-based childbirth in rural northern Uganda: A qualitative study

BackgroundAdolescents in rural northern Uganda face unique challenges during facility-based childbirth, yet their experiences remain underexplored.ObjectiveTo explore adolescents' experiences during facility-based childbirth in rural northern Uganda.DesignA qualitative exploratory descriptive study.MethodsIn-depth interviews were conducted with 14 purposively sampled adolescents aged 15-19 years who gave birth in public health facilities in rural northern Uganda. Data was collected using a pre-tested interview guide with open-ended questions and analysed inductively using thematic analysis and reported according to the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines.ResultsParticipants' age ranged from 15 to 19 years and they were predominantly primiparous (78.6%). Their experiences were mixed, encompassing both positive and negative aspects. Negative experiences fell under two themes: (1) disrespect and abuse (physical and verbal abuse, neglect, non-consented care, disempowerment, and bribery) and (2) health facility constraints (dirty toilets, unstable water supply, and shortages of medicines and supplies). Positive experiences were categorized into four themes, (1) effective communication (clear interactions and information sharing), (2) dignity and respect (respectful and friendly care), (3) supportive care (hospitality, encouragement, companionship, and timely care), and (4) facility hygiene (clean labor suites and wards despite some unhygienic toilets).ConclusionsAdolescents' facility-based childbirth experiences in rural northern Uganda were mixed, marked by both respectful care and mistreatment. While some received supportive and dignified care, others faced abuse, neglect, and facility constraints. Strengthening respectful maternity care and improving facility conditions are essential for enhancing adolescent birth experiences.