The effectiveness of remote computerized cognitive training for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review

Background: Remote computerized cognitive training (RCCT) is increasingly used as a scalable intervention to support cognitive function in older adults, particularly those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, evidence regarding its effectiveness remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to identify and critically assess the evidence on the effectiveness of RCCT in improving the cognitive function of older adults with MCI. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating RCCT in older adults with MCI. Screening of references was performed against predefined inclusion criteria. Data extraction and the methodological quality of included studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale were performed by two authors. Results: A total of 17 studies were included. Among the eight studies comparing RCCT to leisure-based activities, statistically significant differences favouring RCCT were reported in 11 out of 25 cognitive assessments. In comparison with usual care (5 studies), 9 out of 16 assessments showed significant differences. When RCCT was compared to no intervention (4 studies), statistically significant differences were found in 6 out of 8 assessments. Overall, the findings were inconsistent, and the evidence remains inconclusive. High variability was found in intervention content, duration, control conditions, and outcome measures. Conclusions: The results were unclear regarding the effectiveness of RCCT. Clearer definitions of the intervention and higher methodological quality are needed. Trial registration: PROSPEROCRD42023444763.