University Students’ Innovative Thinking Training Based on Grounded Theory: An In-Depth Analysis of Teaching Methods and Practices

Objective: This study analyzed the current status of cultivating innovative thinking among university students. Methods: Grounded theory was used with interviews and questionnaires for data collection, coding, and theory building. Results: Only 35% of students expressed satisfaction with current teaching methods for innovative thinking, while 72% associated innovation with novel ideas. Low satisfaction stemmed from lecture-based methods, outdated content, and lack of practical connections. Participation in innovation activities was low. Grounded theory identified "Diversified Teaching Methods" as the core category, linked to nine others. Methods such as Problem-Based Learning, Project-Based Learning, and Group Collaborative Learning were effective, supported by data and student feedback on enhanced thinking and problem-solving skills. Conclusion: "Diversified Teaching Methods" is the core category. Findings will be applied to broader contexts to explore effective cultivation modes across universities and majors.