Validation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Diabetes Distress Scale in a Spanish Population
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) in Spain. METHODS: A cross-sectional validation study was conducted among adults with diabetes attending public health centers in Spain. Participants completed the Spanish DDS and Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses used polychoric correlations and diagonally weighted least squares estimation. Reliability was examined with Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω. Concurrent, convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity were tested through correlation and regression analyses. Gender invariance was assessed using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS: = 0.845). Original DDS cutoffs (
Fields of Study & Subjects
Diabetes Management and Education
Diabetes
Cardiovascular Risks
and Lipoproteins
Chronic Disease Management Strategies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 295–307
- Publication date
- 21 July 2026
- Language
- EN