Clinical profile and in-hospital outcomes of patients hospitalised for bronchiectasis exacerbation

Extract Exacerbations play a pivotal role in the natural history of bronchiectasis, driving symptom worsening, accelerating lung function decline, and increasing mortality risk [1, 2]. Exacerbations requiring hospitalization have particularly severe consequences—not only for individual patients but also for healthcare systems, due to prolonged admissions, the need for intensive care, and post-discharge complications [3]. These events are frequently associated with complex clinical presentations involving respiratory failure, cardiovascular instability, and the need for ventilatory support [1]. Yet, despite their impact, hospitalized bronchiectasis exacerbations remain poorly characterized. Most existing evidence derives from outpatient cohorts or retrospective administrative datasets, which lack the clinical granularity necessary to inform risk stratification and guide therapeutic decisions in acute care settings [1]. Identifying factors that predict poor in-hospital outcomes is essential to improve acute management, guide resource allocation, and ultimately prevent long-term sequelae in this vulnerable population.