Myopia rate variations and orthokeratology lens wearing among primary and secondary school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze the myopia rate variations and orthokeratology lens wearing among primary and secondary school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2023, thus providing a basis for comprehensive prevention and control for myopia. MethodsA stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 42 007, 41 680, 43 410, 43 114, and 39 893 primary and secondary school students aged 8 to 17 years old from September to October every year from 2019 to 2023 for visual acuity examination. ResultsThe myopia rates of students aged 8 to 17 from 2019 to 2023 were 65.59%, 66.56%, 67.51%, 67.09%, and 66.20% respectively, showing a steady trend (APC = 0.29, P > 0.05). The reporting rate of students wearing orthokeratology lenses increased from 2.90% in 2019 to 7.75% in 2023, with an annual growth rate of 27.61% (P < 0.05). The myopia rates in urban areas from 2019 to 2023 were 68.95%, 70.22%, 71.29%, 70.59%, and 69.06%, respectively, which were higher than those (62.56%, 63.22%, 64.09%, 64.08%, and 63.64%, respectively) in rural areas. The proportions of students wearing orthokeratology lenses in urban areas were 4.94%, 6.11%, 9.06%, 11.11%, and 12.70%, respectively, which were higher than those (0.88%, 1.13%, 2.40%, 2.50%, and 2.95%, respectively) in rural areas. The reporting rate of urban students wearing orthokeratology lens showed an upward trend (APC = 26.98, P < 0.01), and that of rural students showed an upward trend (APC = 32.74, P < 0.01). In 2023, the full correction rate of 8- to 17-year-old students wearing orthokeratology lenses was 76.52%. With the increase in age, the proportion of students wearing orthokeratology lenses and the full correction rate first increased and then decreased, being higher among students aged 10 to 12 years old. ConclusionsThe myopia rate is high among students aged 8 to 17 years old in Beijing. The proportion of students wearing orthokeratology lenses is increasing year by year, and the full correction rate of orthokeratology lens is high.