Efficacy and safety of 200W 980/1470nm diode laser vapo-resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia with concomitant chronic prostatitis: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background To analyze the effects and outcomes of visual diode laser vapo-resection (V-LAP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia with or without chronic prostatitis (CP). Methods Between February 2020 and February 2023, patients who underwent V-LAP at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Based on postoperative histopathology, they were categorized into two groups: Group A, comprising 33 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) alone, and Group B, comprising 33 patients with concomitant BPH and chronic prostatitis (CP). Preoperative, perioperative outcomes, and complications were documented, and postoperative assessments for flow rate (Flow-max), post-micturition residual volume (PMRV), international prostate symptom score(IPSS), and quality of life(QoL) were conducted at one week, two months, six months, and twelve months, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results No significant differences were found between baseline characteristics of two patient groups ( p > 0.05). No significant differences were found between perioperative outcomes, including operative time, duration of catheterization, and time of hospital stay between the groups. Postoperatively, significant improvements were noted in patient groups regarding, QoL, PMRV, IPSS and flow max (p value ˂ 0.05). There were no significant differences identified between the two groups, indicating the effectiveness of the treatment in both populations( p > 0.9). Both groups experienced similar early and late complications. Group B exhibited a higher incidence of dysuria, affecting four patients, and experienced retrograde ejaculation in three patients. Conclusions In this retrospective cohort, histologic CP was not associated with detectable differences in functional outcomes or complications after V-LAP over 12 months; larger prospective studies using standardized CP definitions are needed.