New onset of severe and long-term hepatobiliary diseases post-COVID-19 infection: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a surge of reports linking the virus to various systemic complications, including hepatobiliary disorders. Understanding the spectrum and severity of hepatobiliary diseases following COVID-19 infection is crucial for comprehensive patient management and long-term health outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies reporting on hepatobiliary manifestations post-COVID-19 infection. PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and Cochrane Library databases were searched in October 2023, with set inclusion and exclusion criteria in place to select papers documenting new onset hepatobiliary diseases following COVID-19 infection. RESULTS: A total of 23 studies met the inclusion criteria, covering a diverse range of hepatobiliary conditions such as acute hepatitis, cholestasis, autoimmune liver diseases, and gallbladder pathology. CONCLUSION: This systematic review underscores the emerging evidence of severe and long-term hepatobiliary diseases following COVID-19 infection. Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for hepatobiliary complications in patients recovering from COVID-19, emphasizing the need for prolonged monitoring and specialized management strategies to mitigate long-term morbidity and mortality."