Correlation analysis between the prevalence of hyperuricemia and the triglyceride-glucose index in adult patients with brucellosis

BACKGROUND: Brucellosis and hyperuricemia (HUA) are closely related, and their coexistence and potential interaction may exacerbate disease progression. Triglyceride Glucose (TyG), a simple marker of insulin resistance (IR), is associated with HUA. However, its association with the risk of HUA specifically in patients with brucellosis remains unclear. METHODS: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design, incorporating the inpatient records of 649 patients diagnosed with brucellosis at a certain infectious disease hospital in Hohhot City between May 2022 and March 2024. Multivariate logistic regression, generalized additive models with smooth curve fitting, and two-stage linear regression models were employed to assess the relationship between the TyG index and HUA. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to assess the stability of the association between the TyG index and HUA in patients with brucellosis. Additionally, the predictive performance of the TyG index for HUA was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: In this study, 15.4% of brucellosis patients were diagnosed with hyperuricemia. After adjusting for covariates, the risk of HUA increased by 1.90 (1.18-3.06) for each unit increase in the TyG index; the risk of HUA in the fourth quartile of the TyG index was 2.27 times higher than that in the first quartile. A nonlinear relationship was observed between TyG and the risk of HUA in patients with brucellosis, demonstrating an inflection point at 7.827 (P < 0.05). Beyond this threshold, the risk of HUA increased significantly. CONCLUSION: The TyG index is an independent predictor for the risk of HUA in patients with brucellosis. Assessment of the TyG index may serve as a useful tool for more effectively identifying individuals at increased risk of HUA among patients with brucellosis.