Sexually transmitted infections and associated factors among military personnel attending military health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A multicenter cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem in developing countries. However, little is known about the burden of sexually transmitted infections among military personnel in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated factors among military personnel attending military health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study using a survey questionnaire among military personnel attending military health centers in Addis Ababa from March 01 to April 30, 2024. Data were collected using a structured face-to-face interview and self-administered questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of all variables. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was used to describe the association between the predictors and outcome variables. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of STIs in the study population was found to be 12.6% (n = 46), with a corresponding 95% CI of 9.0%–17.0%. Individuals with higher educational attainment were more likely to have a negative test result for STIs (AOR = 4.49; P = 0.042). Conversely, alcohol use (AOR = 3.07; P = 0.013), khat chewing (AOR = 2.42; P = 0.020), not using a condom (AOR = 2.49; P = 0.016), and having lower knowledge of STIs (AOR = 3.77; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher STIs rates. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of self-reported STIs among military personnel in the study area was relatively high. Educational level, substance use, condom use, and knowledge about STIs were significantly associated factors. Targeted health education, improved condom accessibility, and integration of STI prevention into military health services are essential to reduce infection rates and promote the well-being of military personnel. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.