Research on age-stratified prevention and control strategies for pediatric RSV infection based on disease burden disparities

INTRODUCTION: Due to the lack of effective antiviral treatments for respiratory syncytial virus, therefore, understanding the age-specific disparities in the burden of RSV infection can help identify targeted interventions. METHODS: This study stratified pediatric patients with RSV-related hospitalizations by age and compared demographic information, clinical features, imaging data, treatment, and outcomes. RESULTS: The prevalence of RSV infection was higher in preterm infants under 2 years of age compared to those over 2 years. Among children over 1 year, the proportion with atopic disorders was higher. Cough was the most frequent symptom across all age groups. Cyanosis, dyspnea and wheezing were more common in children under 1 year of age. With increasing age, while the proportion of children with tachypnea increased in children over 5 years of age, and higher incidence of lung consolidation and pleural fluid, who also had a higher non-invasive ventilation. CONCLUSION: Preterm infants require protective measures against RSV infection during the first two years of life. Children over 1 year of age with atopic disorders should receive enhanced preventive care. Greater attention should be given to tachypnea, lung consolidation, pleural fluid in children over 5 years of age.