Novel use of telitacicept in primary immune thrombocytopenia: a case report

BACKGROUND: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is generally a self-limiting disorder in children; however, a subset of cases becomes refractory to conventional treatments or progresses to chronic disease. Managing such refractory instances remains a significant clinical challenge. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 5-year-old child with refractory ITP that was not adequately controlled with standard therapies, including intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and rituximab. Following disease recurrence and limited response to these interventions, the novel biologic agent telitacicept was administered. This intervention led to marked clinical improvement. The diagnostic evaluation, therapeutic course, and successful use of telitacicept are comprehensively detailed. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates the potential benefit of telitacicept in the management of pediatric refractory ITP, particularly when conventional treatment options have been exhausted. Further studies are warranted to explore its efficacy and safety in similar challenging cases.