Predictive value of serum S100A8/A9 for liver dysfunction in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B

BACKGROUND: S100 calcium-binding protein A8/A9 (S100A8/A9) is a marker of innate immune activation and inflammation, but its value in predicting liver dysfunction in HBV-infected pregnant women remains unclear. This study aims to explore the predictive value of early-pregnancy serum S100A8/A9 for mid-to-late pregnancy liver dysfunction in chronic HBV-infected pregnant women, and its correlation with adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study included 139 chronic HBV-infected pregnant women. Serum S100A8/A9 levels were measured via ELISA, and participants were subsequently divided into abnormal liver function (ALF) and normal liver function (NLF) groups based on mid-to-late pregnancy liver function. Logistic regression analysis identified independent risk factors for abnormal liver function and adverse pregnancy outcomes, while receiver operating characteristic curves evaluated S100A8/A9's predictive efficacy. RESULTS: Early-pregnancy serum S100A8/A9 levels were significantly higher in the ALF group than in the NLF group, and positively correlated with HBV-DNA load and ALT. Elevated S100A8/A9 was an independent risk factor for liver dysfunction and predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes. ROC curve analysis showed S100A8/A9 had an AUC of 0.882 for identifying liver dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Early-pregnancy serum S100A8/A9 may serve as a potential predictive marker for liver function impairment and adverse pregnancy outcomes in chronic HBV-infected women, helping with early clinical identification and management.