Expert consensus on glucocorticoids injection for knee osteoarthritis

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a degenerative disorder characterized by compromised physical function and diminished quality of life, imposes substantial burdens on patients, families, healthcare systems, and society. Stepwise therapeutic approach, initiated after first-line non-pharmacological interventions such as weight loss, exercise, and physical therapy, remains the cornerstone of KOA management, with glucocorticoids (GCs) injections widely adopted for rapid and effective pain relief. However, the absence of comprehensive guidelines or consensus documents specifically addressing GC applications has led to inconsistent clinical practices. To address this gap, a multidisciplinary panel of Chinese KOA experts developed this consensus through iterative discussions, synthesizing current evidence and domestic clinical experience. The final document outlines 22 recommendations encompassing GC selection, target population, timing of administration, dosing frequency and contraindications, aiming to standardize evidence-based GC utilization in KOA care.