Progress in the study of product methodology development and competitiveness assessment model of voluntary carbon offsets

This study focuses on methodological advancements in voluntary carbon reduction market products and the optimization of competitiveness evaluation models. Through systematic literature review, it analyzes the development characteristics, application scenarios, and existing challenges of international mainstream standards (VCS, GS, CDM) and domestic CCER and carbon credit methodologies. Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as the core framework, the research optimizes a competitiveness evaluation model covering environmental, social, and economic dimensions. A case study of eco-friendly home appliances is conducted for validation, followed by multi-directional comparisons with five existing models. Results indicate that international methodologies emphasize rigor and sustainability verification, while domestic approaches prioritize policy adaptability but face fragmentation challenges. The improved model demonstrates superior performance in environmental and social dimension evaluations compared to traditional models, offering enhanced comprehensiveness and specificity. This study provides scientific tools for methodological selection and competitiveness assessment of voluntary carbon reduction products, offering decision support for carbon market standardization and low-carbon economic transition.