Clinical translation of fluid, imaging, and digital biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy 2026 Open access

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Authors: Julia R. Bacci, Stamatia Karagianni, Zampeta-Sofia Alexopoulou, Shirine Moukaled, Claudia Tato-Fernández, Prithvi Arunachalam, Aram Aslanyan, Sandar Aye, Ana Sabsil López Rocha, Monica Crugel, Ayesha Fawad, Aitana Sogorb-Esteve
+3 more Michael Schöll, Alexandra König, Ross W. Paterson
DOI: 10.1186/s13195-025-01921-5
Cited by: 4
References: 254

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting millions worldwide. The clinical presentation of AD is heterogenous and often complicated by the presence of multiple co-pathologies, which can overlap with features of other neurodegenerative disorders, underscoring the need for tools to aid accurate and timely diagnosis. Biomarkers for AD span multiple modalities and are being increasingly used in clinical settings to aid diagnosis, monitor disease progression, and assess eligibility and response to disease-modifying therapies. Here, we provide an overview of current clinical applications of fluid, imaging, and digital biomarkers for AD. We also discuss biomarkers under development and challenges associated with the implementation of these modalities in clinical settings.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research S100 Proteins and Annexins Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus

Publication details

Journal / source
Alzheimer s Research & Therapy
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
14–14
Publication date
9 January 2026
Language
EN