Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in a child with scurvy and long-standing growth failure: a case report

BACKGROUND: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare cause of small intestine obstruction, characterized by the compression of the third segment of the duodenum between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery due to a decreased angle between these vessels, typically attributed to a reduction in mesenteric adipose tissue. CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old Middle Eastern boy presented with scurvy and failure to thrive, accompanied by constipation, intractable vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe bloating. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and multi-slice computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. The patient underwent successful surgical intervention, and after 3 months of follow-up, demonstrated significant health improvement. CONCLUSION: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare and complex condition requiring a tailored approach on the basis of the patient's clinical presentation, anatomical findings, and available resources. This case aims to increase awareness of superior mesenteric artery syndrome, particularly its association with scurvy and failure to thrive, and to highlight the effectiveness of surgical treatment in alleviating obstruction and enhancing patient outcomes.