Rhabdomyolysis due to influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus co-infection: a case report

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular contents into the bloodstream. Viral infections are among the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis in children. Rhabdomyolysis associated with influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus co-infection is exceedingly rare, particularly in infants. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 6-month-old infant Han Chinese boy. He presented with fever, cough, irritability, dark urine, and significantly elevated levels of creatine kinase and myoglobin. A respiratory pathogen test was positive for influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus.The diagnosis was bronchopneumonia and rhabdomyolysis. Early identification, active fluid resuscitation, and supportive care led to good results. CONCLUSION: This case underscores the importance of considering rhabdomyolysis in infants with viral infections, especially during the flu season, and highlights the need for timely diagnosis and management to prevent severe complications.