Subcutaneous emphysema following a minor dental procedure: a case report

BACKGROUND: Subcutaneous emphysema (SE) is a rare but well-documented complication following various dental procedures. Diagnosis and early detection of SE is important because it may lead to serious and potentially life-threatening complications and infections. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report presents a 32-year-old Iranian female with right-sided cervicofacial pain and swelling accompanied by chest tightness and a sensation resembling "bubble wrap under the skin" after restorative filling of the lower right second molar without using an air turbine drill. The patient was diagnosed with SE following a dental filling. CONCLUSION: This report highlights that SE can occur even without high-speed instrumentation, underscoring the need for caution after any dental procedure that compromises the mucosa. Given the increasing worldwide incidence and serious risks of SE, we detail its clinical presentation, treatment approaches, and follow-up protocols. Our aim is to add to the evidence base for managing this rare but serious entity.