Creatinine detection in artificial urine using perylenediimide probe single split resonator device

Abstract Quick, cost effective, sensitive, reusable biosensors are the requirement of current time to detect biomarkers at low levels for early diagnosis of diseases. Metamaterial biosensors have shown their potential for quantitative detection of biomolecules with minimal sample size and processing requirement. In the current work, single split resonator (SSR) biosensor is developed for the detection of creatinine biomarker in artificial urine (AU) using perylenediimide probe molecule. Creatinine is critical biomarker to be diagnosed both at high and low levels. The reported SSR device can detect creatinine in the range of 0.01–750 µM in artificial urine with limit of detection of 0.015 µM. The device shows high sensitivity and Figure-of-merit (FoM) of ~ 73 MHz/DCU and ~ 167 respectively using PDI as probe molecule in artificial urine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted for quantitative detection of creatinine in artificial urine using probe molecule using SSR device. The absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy studies have also been performed and compared for sensitivity. SSR based biosensor with high sensitivity and reusability for detection of low to high concentration of creatinine in artificial urine using PDI as probe molecule is demonstrated as potential point of use biomedical device.