Artificial intelligence (AI) psychosis: mechanisms, clinical risks and safety considerations in generative AI chatbots
Abstract
As generative artificial intelligence chatbots become embedded in everyday life, concerns about their psychological risks are growing. Emerging reports describe cases of artificial intelligence-induced or -associated psychosis (hereafter artificial intelligence (AI) psychosis) in which intensive chatbot use is associated with delusional thinking patterns. This paper proposes a provisional mechanism wherein baseline user vulnerabilities and engagement patterns interact with generative artificial intelligence characteristics, such as sycophancy and hallucination, contributing to delusional ideation. It subsequently outlines clinical, design and regulatory strategies that may help mitigate risks.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Digital Mental Health Interventions
AI in Service Interactions
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Publication details
- Journal / source
- BJPsych Open
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e160–e160
- Publication date
- 11 June 2026
- Language
- EN