Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase in Fatty Acids Metabolism of Plant

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are a diverse set of proteins found ubiquitously, possessing the dual capability of either catalyzing the conversion of substances into reactive metabolites that could potentially induce toxicity or alternatively, oxidizing them to avert toxicity. These enzymes play crucial roles in the oxidation of fatty acids (FAs), steroids, and xenobiotics, as well as in the synthesis and degradation of various hormones. Within plants, FAs undergo diverse oxygenation reactions, yielding products such as hydroxyacids, aldehydes, ketones, etc. CYP450s, comprising one of the largest protein superfamilies in plants, serve as mediators for numerous reactions within this domain. This chapter delves into the functions of CYP450 in both the synthesis and breakdown of FAs in plants. Additionally, it outlines the roles of CYP450 in the production of FA-derived secondary metabolites and underscores their significance in plant survival.