Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials for Optoelectronic Applications

In recent energy landscape, the relentless pursuit for efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective optoelectronic devices has become the focal point of research. Optoelectronic devices are the means of communication between optics and electronics mainly designed for areas like conversion of electrical to light energy and sensing. However, the use of nanostructure materials on optoelectronic devices has gained attraction in due course of time pertaining to unique properties of the later. Moreover, the aggregation of the nanomaterial with a hybrid organic–inorganic composite at a ratio to produce materials with tunable structure and property enhances the mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermal properties in a wide range. Such hybrid nano components also deliver unprecedented performance in power conversion efficiency for optoelectronic devices. These hybrid nanoparticles (NP) have gained numerous interests and are considered gradually as the linkage between nanotechnology and electronics for their intrinsic advantages including highly specific surface area, tunable chemical composition, adjustable topology and morphology, and multifunctionalities. Hence efforts have been put toward the development of eco-friendly and reliable organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials for optoelectronic devices yielding at low cost with high performance. In this chapter, we will discuss the classification of optoelectronic devices and electrode materials, the recent advances of pristine organic–inorganic materials, and organic–inorganic framework composites. In addition to this, organic–inorganic hybrid NPs derived materials applied for optoelectronic devices will also be elaborated. Furthermore, obstacles and prospects for organic–inorganic hybrid NP-based materials for optoelectronic application will be summarized.