Innovations and Emerging Technologies in the Context of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of innovations and emerging technologies for assessing and supporting individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It begins by outlining the evolution of diagnostic criteria and highlighting the importance of early detection to improve interventions and family support. Traditional methods are critiqued, emphasizing the need for rigorous, evidence-based practices that address sociocultural biases and diverse presentations. Artificial Intelligence (AI) then emerges as a valuable tool, offering enhanced diagnostic precision, efficiency, and scalability through machine learning, deep learning, and generative models. The text also explores the use of Virtual and Augmented Reality, wearable sensors, and games to create immersive, personalized, and inclusive approaches. Biomedical Engineering contributions include imaging techniques (EEG, fMRI, MRI) and signal processing to refine diagnostics and guide targeted therapies. Finally, the chapter discusses integrative strategies that unite AI, Neuroscience, and Engineering, while reflecting on ethical implications, privacy safeguards, and transparent decision-making.