Catechol-Based Redox Polymers for Energy Storage Devices

Redox polymers, especially those featuring catechol functionalities, have risen to prominence as essential materials in electrochemical energy storage owing to their adjustable redox characteristics, structural adaptability, and ecological sustainability. Originating from nature-inspired materials like mussel adhesive proteins, catechol groups play a crucial role in excellent bonding properties, oxidation-reduction activity, and cross-linking potential, facilitating strong film creation and improved electrode functionality. In contrast to traditional inorganic substances, which frequently endure issues with toxicity, scarcity, and challenges related to recycling, polymers that incorporate catechol are derived from readily available, renewable resources. Recent breakthroughs in synthetic methods—spanning molecular design of polycatechols to the deposition of atmospheric plasma—have notably enhanced the electrochemical stability, charge flow, and capacity of these materials in uses such as zinc-polymer and lithium-ion batteries. By decreasing the solubility in electrolytic solutions and providing an extended lifespan, polycatechols pave the way for the creation of secure, effective, and environmentally conscious next-generation energy storage systems.