Investigation of Climate Extremes in Jabalpur District of Madhya Pradesh

Climate change is a long-term change in hydro-meteorological conditions in a particular geographical region. In the present study, spatiotemporal long-term change in rainfall during 1961–2020 was analyzed using IMD 0.25° × 0.25° resolution gridded dataset in the Jabalpur district. The nonparametric Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimator were applied to determine the trend and its magnitude, respectively, in the precipitation time series. Extreme indices were employed to understand the risks and vulnerabilities associated with extreme weather events in the district. Mann–Kendall trend test showed an insignificant trend at 95% confidence interval with Sen’s slope value of −2.98 to 0.73 mm/year. CLIMPACT tool was used to study extreme indices, and it revealed that in the district, consecutive dry days (CDD), R10, R20, and RX5 were nonsignificant and decreasing, whereas consecutive wet days (CWD), RX1, and SDII were found to insignificantly increasing. These results spotlight the need for localized climate adaptation strategies by integrating water resource planning with a sustainable development approach to address the vulnerable rainfall pattern and mitigate risks associated with extreme events in central India, particularly in Jabalpur district.