Multicomponent Reaction for Polyphenol Synthesis

The global trend in research, with a focus on the multicomponent processes utilized to synthesize polyphenols is the main topic of this chapter. Because they have so many useful applications across a wide range of disciplines, polyphenols are one of the most sought-after classes of chemicals in medicine. Polyphenols are diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, these compounds are distinguished by the presence of numerous phenol units. In medicinal chemistry, multicomponent synthesis (MCS) is a technique in which several starting materials typically three or more are mixed in a sequential manner to synthesize versatile compounds in a single pot. Compared to conventional stepwise synthesis, this approach can produce structurally varied compounds in less steps and is distinguished by its efficiency and simplicity. MCS reduce waste while enhancing the diversity and complexity of polyphenolic structures. An overview of current developments in the field of polyphenol synthesis using MCS is highlighted in this chapter. Polyphenols can be synthesized by a variety of multicomponent synthesis (MCS), each of which provides a distinct route for generating a wide range of sophisticated polyphenolic structures. Different polyphenolic scaffolds have been synthesized successfully using a variety of MCS, including the Biginelli reaction, the Passerini reaction, the Mannich reaction, the Knoevenagel condensation, the Gewald reaction, the Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis, the Petasis reaction, and the Ugi reaction. The final products can incorporate structural variation owing to these techniques. Because of their adaptability, MCS can be used to introduce functional groups and substitution patterns that are customized for particular uses. The constant innovation and advancement of new MCS-based methods for polyphenol synthesis is very promising in terms of producing useful compounds with a variety of biological and physicochemical characteristics rapidly and effectively.