Sustainable Perovskite Thin Films

Perovskite solar cells have emerged as a game-changing photovoltaic technology, offering high power conversion efficiencies with cost-effective and scalable manufacturing. However, their commercialization requires overcoming critical sustainability challenges, including toxicity, stability, and large-scale fabrication. This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of sustainable solar cell development, focusing on green material chemistry, eco-friendly processing, and stability enhancements. The discussion includes lead-free alternatives, solvent-free deposition techniques, and advanced encapsulation strategies to extend device lifetime. Additionally, the chapter examines the role of recycling and Life Cycle Assessment in reducing environmental impact and promoting a circular economy.