Employment of Reconfigurable Antennas in 5G and/or 6G Communication Applications

Reconfigurable antennas can handle various wireless standards while delivering similar degree of performance as numerous antennas. Such antennas have multiple advantages, such as affordability, condensed size, ease of integration, as well as excellent isolation in between various wireless standards. To offer a dynamic response, reconfigurable antennas incorporate an inner mechanism (including radio frequency (RF) switches, varactor diodes, actuators) which allows the intended redeployment of RF currents over the antenna surface, resulting in revocable changes to its properties. Aim of current work is to offer an in-depth review of reconfigurable antennas. The main motive is to provide a thorough understanding of reconfigurable antenna designs along with their intended applications in 5G, 6G, cognitive radio, and multi-input multi output (MIMO) systems. At the same time, associated potential flaws are being assessed which will enhance the performance of existing reconfigurable antenna designs.