Remote Sensing and GIS Applications for Solid Waste Management in Hilly Terrains

Hilly areas present unique challenges for solid waste management (SWM) due to their complex topography, limited access, and fragile ecosystems. Traditional SWM practices in these areas often prove inadequate, leading to environmental degradation and health hazards. This chapter explores the important role of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) in revolutionizing SWM in hilly areas. It discusses how RS and GIS can be integrated to address key challenges ranging from waste generation estimation and collection route optimization to landfill site selection and environmental impact assessment. The chapter further examines the case studies demonstrating the successful implementation of this technology in different hilly areas, highlighting the best practices and future research directions.