Sustainable Water Resources Management in Brahmaputra River Basin

The Brahmaputra River, flowing through China, India, and Bangladesh, sustains diverse ecosystems, millions of livelihoods, and regional economies that present a critical case study for examining the challenges and opportunities in sustainable water resources management. This chapter aims to identify the key challenges of the basin and propose strategies for a sustainable future. The objectives of the study are to analyse the transboundary issues, assess the impacts of climate change, evaluate ecological degradation, assess the rising tension due to hydro-electric power projects, examine water governance mechanisms, and find out plausible measures. Methodologically, a comprehensive review of existing literature, policy documents, and reports is conducted to synthesize knowledge on the subject. In conclusion, the chapter indicates that addressing the complex challenges of sustainable water resources management in the Brahmaputra River Basin requires a multidimensional approach that integrates environmental, social, diplomatic, and economic considerations. The findings of the chapter reveal that transboundary cooperation is essential for equitable water sharing and effective flood management. This chapter also depicts the inevitability of a Joint River Basin Organization and a Basin Action Plan for sustainable water management in the region. By fostering transboundary cooperation, strengthening diplomatic efforts, enhancing climate resilience, strengthening governance mechanisms, and promoting inclusive development, stakeholders can pave the way for a more sustainable and resilient future for the basin and its inhabitants.