Understanding Interfaces between Vehicle Systems

This chapter describes types of interfaces between various entities (i.e., systems, subsystems, and components) of a complex product so that the product can meet its requirements and perform its functions. Interfaces are links or joints between entities. The interfaces can perform many functions. Physical interfaces allow two entities to be attached (or fastened) to each other, whereas other interfaces such as electrical connections allow the transfer of electrical power and signals (for information and control) required for the functioning of the product. Since complex products have many entities and the number of interfaces between the entities is usually large, the task of managing the development of these interfaces is very complex and time-consuming. Engineers involved in designing the complex products spend a lot of time in meetings with other engineers and designers from all the interfacing entities to understand the requirements, functions, and trade-offs between different attributes related to the interfaces. The interface analysis work is primarily conducted during the detailed engineering phase of product development. This chapter describes how interface diagram and interface matrix can be constructed to aid in the product development process.